Overview
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term condition that causes inflammation in the body, often leading to joint pain.
If left untreated, it can seriously damage the joints and nearby tissues. It may also affect the heart, lungs, or nervous system. Common symptoms include ongoing pain, stiffness, tenderness, warmth, and swelling in the joints, which can make movement and daily tasks difficult.
The exact cause of RA is unknown, but risk factors include smoking, being overweight, and exposure to air pollution. Women and older adults are more likely to develop this condition.
Definition
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the synovial
joints, leading to joint damage and systemic manifestations.
Risk Factors
- Genetic factors:
- Family history of RA
- Gender: More common in females (3:1 ratio compared to males).
- Age: Typically develops between ages 30 and 60.
- Smoking is a significant risk factor.
- Exposure to silica dust.
- Obesity: Increased weight adds stress to joints.
- Hormonal factors: RA may be associated with hormonal changes (e.g., after pregnancy or
menopause). - Infections: Certain viral or bacterial infections may trigger RA.
